What is the TOEFL?

Are you planning to study abroad or pursue higher education in an English-speaking country? Then you may have heard about the TOEFL exam. But what is TOEFL, and why is it so important as an admission-required document? In this article, we'll provide you with a comprehensive guide to TOEFL and its significance for your academic goals.

Test of English as a Foreign Language(TOEFL)

TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language. It is an international standardized test designed to measure the English proficiency of non-native speakers who wish to study or work in English-speaking environments. TOEFL assesses your abilities in four language skills: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The test is recognized and accepted by more than 11,000 universities, colleges, and institutions worldwide, making it a reliable and trustworthy indicator of your English language proficiency. 

The TOEFL score is valid for two years from the test date. This means that if you take the TOEFL exam and receive a score of 90, for example, that score will be valid for two years from the date of the test. After two years, the score will expire and you will need to retake the exam if you want to use it for admission purposes.

There are currently two formats of the TOEFL exam: the internet-based test (iBT) and the paper-based test (PBT). The vast majority of test-takers take the iBT, but the PBT is still available in some locations where the iBT is not offered.

Here's a breakdown of the differences between the two formats:

Internet-Based Test (iBT):

• The iBT is the most common format of the TOEFL exam and is administered entirely online.
• The exam is approximately 3 hours long and consists of four sections: Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing.
• The Speaking and Writing sections are scored by human raters, while the Reading and Listening sections are scored by a computer.
• The iBT also includes optional 10-minute breaks after the Reading and Listening sections.

Paper-Based Test (PBT):

• The PBT is administered on paper and is offered in locations where the iBT is not available.
• The exam is approximately 2.5 hours long and consists of three sections: Listening, Structure and Written Expression, and Reading Comprehension.
• The Speaking section is not included in the PBT.
• The PBT is scored by human raters.

It's worth noting that the content and difficulty level of both the iBT and PBT are the same, but the specific question types and structure of each section may vary slightly between the two formats. Additionally, it's important to check with the specific institution or program you're interested in to find out which format of the TOEFL exam they accept. This is because some universities or programs may only accept scores from one format or the other. Therefore, it's important to verify which format you should take before registering for the exam to avoid any potential issues.

TOEFL exam structure

Internet-Based Test (iBT):

The iBT consists of four sections: Reading, Listening, Speaking, and Writing.

• Reading: This section includes 3-4 passages with 12-14 questions per passage. The questions test your ability to understand the main idea, supporting details, vocabulary, and inference of the text. The section lasts 54-72 minutes.

• Listening: This section includes 4-6 lectures and 2-3 conversations with 5-6 questions per lecture or conversation. The questions test your ability to understand the main ideas, supporting details, and inferences of the audio. The section lasts 41-57 minutes.

• Speaking: This section consists of 4 tasks: 1 independent task and 3 integrated tasks. The independent task requires you to speak for 45 seconds about a familiar topic. The integrated tasks require you to read, listen, and speak about academic topics. The section lasts  17 minutes.

• Writing: This section consists of 2 tasks: 1 integrated task and 1 independent task. The integrated task requires you to read, listen, and write a response to an academic topic. The independent task requires you to write an essay on a given topic. The section lasts  50 minutes.

Paper-Based Test (PBT):

The PBT consists of three sections: Listening, Structure and Written Expression, and Reading Comprehension.

• Listening: This section includes 3 parts: short conversations, longer conversations, and lectures. There are a total of 50 questions, and the audio is played only once. The questions test your ability to understand the main idea, supporting details, vocabulary, and inference of the audio. The section lasts 30-40 minutes.

• Structure and Written Expression: This section tests your knowledge of English grammar and includes 25 multiple-choice questions. You'll need to identify errors in sentences and choose the best way to rewrite sentences. The section lasts 15 minutes.

• Reading Comprehension: This section includes 5 passages with 12-14 questions per passage. The questions test your ability to understand the main idea, supporting details, vocabulary, and inference of the text. The section lasts 55 minutes.

One of the biggest differences between the iBT and PBT formats is that the iBT includes a Speaking section, while the PBT does not. Additionally, the content and structure of the Reading and Listening sections are slightly different between the two formats. The iBT includes more types of questions, such as multiple-choice, drag-and-drop, and fill-in-the-blanks, while the PBT only includes multiple-choice questions. The PBT also does not include a Writing task that requires you to read and listen to academic materials before writing a response.

It's important to note that the duration of each section may vary slightly depending on the specific test administration. Additionally, there are optional 10-minute breaks after the Reading and Listening sections in the iBT format. 

Comparing TOEFL iBT and IELTS scores:

When contemplating language proficiency tests for admission to US universities, it's crucial to acknowledge the existence of alternative assessments like IELTS, Duolingo, PTE Academic, or Cambridge English exams. While TOEFL iBT and IELTS assess English proficiency, they employ differing evaluation methodologies. This variance in scoring systems between TOEFL iBT and IELTS can make direct score comparisons a challenging endeavor.

Why is TOEFL Required as an Admission Document?

The primary reason for requiring TOEFL as an admission document is to ensure that non-native speakers possess adequate English language skills to pursue academic studies or employment in English-speaking environments. TOEFL scores serve as an indicator of your English proficiency, and universities and institutions use them to assess your ability to communicate effectively in English. By requiring TOEFL scores, universities and institutions can ensure that all students meet the minimum language requirements needed to succeed in their academic programs.

The required TOEFL score for admission varies by institution and program. Generally, the more competitive the program, the higher the required TOEFL score. Here are the average TOEFL score requirements for some degree levels:

Undergraduate programs: The average TOEFL score requirement for undergraduate programs is around 78-80. However, some universities may require a higher score, such as 90 or above.

Graduate programs: The average TOEFL score requirement for graduate programs is around 85-90. However, more competitive programs in top-ranked universities, such as those in the STEM fields, may require a higher score, such as 100 or above.

Business programs: The average TOEFL score requirement for business programs, such as MBA programs, is around 100. However, some top-tier programs may require a score of 110 or above.

Medical programs: The average TOEFL score requirement for medical programs is around 100-110. However, some medical schools may require a score of 115 or above.

these are just averages, and the actual score requirements may vary by institution and program. It's always a good idea to check with the specific institution or program you're interested in to find out their TOEFL score requirements. Additionally, some institutions may have minimum score requirements for each section of the TOEFL exam, so be sure to check those as well.

It's important to note that some institutions may have their own policies regarding the validity of TOEFL scores. For example, some universities may require a more recent TOEFL score, even if your previous score is still technically valid. Therefore, it's always a good idea to check with the specific institution or program you're interested in to find out their policies regarding the validity of TOEFL scores.

Moreover, TOEFL scores are often required for visa applications and scholarships. If you plan to study or work in an English-speaking country, you will likely need to submit TOEFL scores as part of your visa application process. Similarly, many scholarship programs require TOEFL scores to assess your eligibility for their awards.

Additionally, it's worth noting that some institutions may accept other English proficiency exams in addition to the TOEFL, such as the IELTS or Cambridge English exams. These exams may have different score validity policies, so it's important to check with each institution to find out their specific requirements.

How to Prepare for TOEFL

Preparing for the TOEFL exam can seem overwhelming, but with the right strategies and resources, you can feel confident and ready on test day. Here are some steps you can take to prepare for the TOEFL:

1. Familiarize yourself with the exam: Knowing the structure and format of the TOEFL can help you focus your preparation efforts. Review the exam sections, timing, and question types, and take practice tests to get a sense of what to expect.

2. Develop your English language skills: The TOEFL exam assesses your English language proficiency, so it's important to work on improving your grammar, vocabulary, and overall language skills. Practice listening, speaking, reading, and writing in English as much as possible, and consider working with a tutor or taking a language course.

3. Practice with official TOEFL materials: The makers of the TOEFL exam offer a variety of official study materials, including practice tests, sample questions, and study guides. These materials are designed to mimic the actual exam and can help you become more familiar with the types of questions you will encounter.

4. Use additional study resources: In addition to official materials, there are many other resources available to help you prepare for the TOEFL. Consider using prep books, online courses, or language-learning apps to supplement your study efforts.

5. Develop test-taking strategies: On test day, time management and strategy can be key to success. Practice managing your time during practice tests and develop strategies for approaching each section of the exam.

6. Take care of yourself: Test-taking can be stressful, so make sure to take care of yourself in the days leading up to the exam. Get plenty of rest, eat well, and try to stay calm and focused.

By following these steps and staying committed to your preparation, you can increase your chances of success on the TOEFL exam. Remember to stay positive, focused, and confident, and don't be afraid to ask for help or seek out additional resources if needed.

TOEFL Study Resources

Preparing for the TOEFL can be challenging, but there are many resources available to help you. Here are some study resources you can use to prepare for the exam:

1. Official TOEFL Preparation Materials: The Educational Testing Service (ETS), the organization that administers the TOEFL, offers a range of official preparation materials, including books, practice tests, and online courses.

2. Online Practice Tests: There are many websites that offer free or paid TOEFL practice tests. These practice tests can help you get familiar with the test format and types of questions you can expect.

3. Study Guides: There are many TOEFL study guides available that can help you prepare for the exam. These guides offer tips and strategies for each section of the test and can help you improve your skills.

4. English Language Learning Websites: There are many websites available that offer free English language learning resources, including grammar and vocabulary exercises, listening and reading practice, and writing and speaking tips.

5. TOEFL Preparation Courses: Many language schools and test preparation companies offer TOEFL preparation courses. These courses are designed to help you improve your skills and provide you with the knowledge and strategies you need to do well on the test.

When choosing study resources, it's important to choose materials that are appropriate for your level of English proficiency and the specific requirements of the TOEFL test you are taking. Additionally, it's important to practice regularly and to develop a study plan that suits your learning style and schedule.

 How to register for a TOEFL test

Registering for the TOEFL test can be done online, by phone, or by mail. Here are the steps to register:

1. Choose a test date: You can find available test dates on the official TOEFL website. Select a date that is convenient for you and meets the application deadline for the institution you are applying to.

2. Create an ETS account: Visit the ETS website and create an account. You will need to provide personal information such as your name, email address, and date of birth.

3. Provide identification: Before registering for the test, you will need to provide identification information, such as your passport number, driver's license number, or national ID number. Make sure the name on your ID matches the name you used when creating your ETS account.

4. Choose a testing location: Select a testing location that is convenient for you. You can choose from various test centers around the world.

5. Pay the registration fee: The cost of the TOEFL test varies depending on your location. You can pay online using a credit or debit card, or by mail with a check or money order.

6. Receive confirmation: Once you have completed the registration process, you will receive a confirmation email with your test date, time, and testing location.

It's important to note that some countries may have specific registration requirements, such as additional identification or payment methods. Make sure to check the official TOEFL website for specific instructions and requirements for your location.

 TOEFL is a critical admission document for non-native speakers who wish to study or work in English-speaking countries. By assessing your abilities in listening, reading, writing, and speaking, TOEFL provides a reliable indicator of your English language proficiency. TOEFL scores are required by universities, institutions, visa applications, and scholarship programs, making them an essential component of your academic and career goals. With proper preparation and practice, you can achieve a good score on TOEFL and fulfill your dreams of pursuing higher education or professional opportunities in English-speaking countries.