What is OPT/CPT

Curricular Practical Training (CPT) and Optional Practical Training (OPT) are essential programs for international students studying in the USA, acting as types of work permits that allow these students to integrate academic learning with practical work experience in their field of study. Understanding these opportunities is vital for students navigating the US universities application process and looking to enhance their educational and professional experiences in the US

1. Curricular Practical Training (CPT):

CPT is an employment option that allows F-1 students studying in the USA to gain practical training directly related to their major as part of the curriculum.

• Eligibility and Application: Students must be in lawful F-1 status and have been enrolled full-time for at least one academic year in US universities. CPT is particularly relevant for students who apply for US universities with the intention of immediate practical work experience.
• Duration and Type of Work: There is no cumulative duration limit, except that 12 months of full-time CPT will eliminate eligibility for OPT. Part-time CPT is limited to 20 hours per week while school is in session, allowing students to balance their coursework at US universities.
• Academic Integration: CPT must be an integral part of the academic program, often reflected through credit-bearing courses or research projects at US universities.
• Employer Specific: CPT authorization is employer-specific, meaning you must have an offer of employment in your field of study to qualify and receive authorization for that specific employer only.

2. Optional Practical Training (OPT):

OPT is another form of work permit, allowing students to work in their field of study either before (pre-completion) or after (post-completion) their academic studies at US universities.

• Work Authorization: OPT is essentially 12 months of work authorization that extends the F-1 student status. It's a period during which undergraduate and graduate students who have completed or have been pursuing their degrees for more than nine months at US universities are permitted to work towards getting practical training to complement their field of study.
• STEM Extension: For students in STEM fields studying in the USA, this work permit can be extended for an additional 24 months, offering a longer opportunity to engage in practical training and employment in the US
• Unemployment Limit: During post-completion OPT, students cannot be unemployed for more than 90 days. The limit is 150 days if granted the STEM extension.

Enhanced Considerations for Both CPT and OPT as Work Permits:

• Regulatory Compliance: As work permits, both CPT and OPT require strict adherence to the rules set by USCIS. Students must ensure that all employment is directly related to their major area of study and does not violate their F-1 status.
• Application and Authorization: Students must apply for and receive authorization before beginning any work under CPT or OPT. Unauthorized employment can lead to severe penalties and jeopardize student status.
• Duration and Limits: Both CPT and OPT have specific time limits and conditions, such as the 12-month duration for OPT and the impact of full-time CPT on OPT eligibility. Understanding these limits is crucial for maintaining legal work status in the US.

In conclusion, CPT and OPT serve as specialized work permits for international students, allowing them to integrate academic learning with practical work experience in their field of study. They are crucial for providing real-world exposure and enhancing career prospects in the US However, students must be diligent in understanding and following all regulations associated with these work authorizations to maintain their legal status and make the most of their opportunities. Always consult with the relevant authorities or seek professional advice to navigate these options effectively and make the most of your time studying in the USA and applying for US universities.